创建具有托盘的服务程序

我的主页: http://www.tommstudio.com/

Windows 2000/XP和2003等支持一种叫做"服务程序"的东西.程序作为服务启动有以下几个好处:

    (1)不用登陆进系统即可运行.
    (2)具有SYSTEM特权.所以你在进程管理器里面是无法结束它的.

    笔者在2003年为一公司开发机顶盒项目的时候,曾经写过课件上传和媒体服务,下面就介绍一下如何用Delphi7创建一个Service程序.
    运行Delphi7,选择菜单File-->New-->Other--->Service Application.将生成一个服务程序的框架.将工程保存为ServiceDemo.dpr和Unit_Main.pas,然后回到主框架.我们注意到,Service有几个属性.其中以下几个是我们比较常用的:

    (1)DisplayName:服务的显示名称
    (2)Name:服务名称.

    我们在这里将DisplayName的值改为"Delphi服务演示程序",Name改为"DelphiService".编译这个项目,将得到ServiceDemo.exe.这已经是一个服务程序了!进入CMD模式,切换致工程所在目录,运行命令"ServiceDemo.exe /install",将提示服务安装成功!然后"net start DelphiService"将启动这个服务.进入控制面版-->管理工具-->服务,将显示这个服务和当前状态.不过这个服务现在什么也干不了,因为我们还没有写代码:)先"net stop DelphiService"停止再"ServiceDemo.exe /uninstall"删除这个服务.回到Delphi7的IDE.

    我们的计划是为这个服务添加一个主窗口,运行后任务栏显示程序的图标,双击图标将显示主窗口,上面有一个按钮,点击该按钮将实现Ctrl+Alt+Del功能.

    实际上,服务程序莫认是工作于Winlogon桌面的,可以打开控制面板,查看我们刚才那个服务的属性-->登陆,其中"允许服务与桌面交互"是不打钩的.怎么办?呵呵,回到IDE,注意那个布尔属性:Interactive,当这个属性为True的时候,该服务程序就可以与桌面交互了.

    File-->New-->Form为服务添加窗口FrmMain,单元保存为Unit_FrmMain,并且把这个窗口设置为手工创建.完成后的代码如下:



unit Unit_Main;

interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, SvcMgr, Dialogs, Unit_FrmMain;

type
TDelphiService = class(TService)
procedure ServiceContinue(Sender: TService; var Continued: Boolean);
procedure ServiceExecute(Sender: TService);
procedure ServicePause(Sender: TService; var Paused: Boolean);
procedure ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService);
procedure ServiceStart(Sender: TService; var Started: Boolean);
procedure ServiceStop(Sender: TService; var Stopped: Boolean);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
function GetServiceController: TServiceController; override;
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
DelphiService: TDelphiService;
FrmMain: TFrmMain;
implementation

{$R *.DFM}

procedure ServiceController(CtrlCode: DWord); stdcall;
begin
  DelphiService.Controller(CtrlCode);
end;

function TDelphiService.GetServiceController: TServiceController;
begin
  Result := ServiceController;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceContinue(Sender: TService;
var Continued: Boolean);
begin
  while not Terminated do
  begin
    Sleep(10);
    ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);
  end;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceExecute(Sender: TService);
begin
  while not Terminated do
  begin
    Sleep(10);
    ServiceThread.ProcessRequests(False);
  end;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServicePause(Sender: TService;
var Paused: Boolean);
begin
  Paused := True;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceShutdown(Sender: TService);
begin
  gbCanClose := true;
  FrmMain.Free;
  Status := csStopped;
  ReportStatus();
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStart(Sender: TService;
var Started: Boolean);
begin
  Started := True;
  Svcmgr.Application.CreateForm(TFrmMain, FrmMain);
  gbCanClose := False;
  FrmMain.Hide;
end;

procedure TDelphiService.ServiceStop(Sender: TService;
var Stopped: Boolean);
begin
  Stopped := True;
  gbCanClose := True;
  FrmMain.Free;
end;

end.

主窗口单元如下:



unit Unit_FrmMain;

interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, ShellApi, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls;

const
WM_TrayIcon = WM_USER + 1234;
type
TFrmMain = class(TForm)
Timer1: TTimer;
Button1: TButton;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
IconData: TNotifyIconData;
procedure AddIconToTray;
procedure DelIconFromTray;
procedure TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_TrayIcon;
procedure SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage); message WM_SYSCOMMAND;
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
FrmMain: TFrmMain;
gbCanClose: Boolean;
implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TFrmMain.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  FormStyle := fsStayOnTop; {窗口最前}
  SetWindowLong(Application.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW); {不在任务栏显示}
  gbCanClose := False;
  Timer1.Interval := 1000;
  Timer1.Enabled := True;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.FormCloseQuery(Sender: TObject; var CanClose: Boolean);
begin
  CanClose := gbCanClose;
  if not CanClose then
  begin
    Hide;
  end;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Timer1.Enabled := False;
  DelIconFromTray;
end;

procedure TFrmMain.AddIconToTray;
begin
  ZeroMemory(@IconData, SizeOf(TNotifyIconData));
  IconData.cbSize := SizeOf(TNotifyIconData);
  IconData.Wnd := Handle;
  IconData.uID := 1;
  IconData.uFlags := NIF_MESSAGE or NIF_ICON or NIF_TIP;
  IconData.uCallbackMessage := WM_TrayIcon;
  IconData.hIcon := Application.Icon.Handle;
  IconData.szTip := 'Delphi服务演示程序';
  Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, @IconData);
end;

procedure TFrmMain.DelIconFromTray;
begin
  Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, @IconData);
end;

procedure TFrmMain.SysButtonMsg(var Msg: TMessage);
begin
  if (Msg.wParam = SC_CLOSE) or
  (Msg.wParam = SC_MINIMIZE) then Hide
  else inherited; // 执行默认动作
end;

procedure TFrmMain.TrayIconMessage(var Msg: TMessage);
begin
  if (Msg.LParam = WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK) then Show();
end;

procedure TFrmMain.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
begin
  AddIconToTray;
end;

procedure SendHokKey;stdcall;
var
HDesk_WL: HDESK;
begin
  HDesk_WL := OpenDesktop ('Winlogon', 0, False, DESKTOP_JOURNALPLAYBACK);
  if (HDesk_WL <> 0) then
  if (SetThreadDesktop (HDesk_WL) = True) then
  PostMessage(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_HOTKEY, 0, MAKELONG (MOD_ALT or MOD_CONTROL, VK_DELETE));
end;

procedure TFrmMain.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
dwThreadID : DWORD;
begin
  CreateThread(nil, 0, @SendHokKey, nil, 0, dwThreadID);
end;

end.

program ServiceDemo;

uses
SvcMgr,
Unit_Main in 'Unit_Main.pas' {DelphiService: TService},
Unit_frmMain in 'Unit_frmMain.pas' {frmMain};

{$R *.RES}

begin
  Application.Initialize;
  Application.CreateForm(TDelphiService, DelphiService);
  Application.Run;
end.

窗体代码如下:



object DelphiService: TDelphiService
OldCreateOrder = False
DisplayName = 'Delphi服务演示程序'
Interactive = True
OnContinue = ServiceContinue
OnExecute = ServiceExecute
OnPause = ServicePause
OnShutdown = ServiceShutdown
OnStart = ServiceStart
OnStop = ServiceStop
Left = 261
Top = 177
Height = 150
Width = 215
end

object frmMain: TfrmMain
Left = 192
Top = 107
Width = 696
Height = 480
Caption = '我的服务测试程序'
Color = clBtnFace
Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
Font.Color = clWindowText
Font.Height = -11
Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif'
Font.Style = []
OldCreateOrder = False
OnCloseQuery = FormCloseQuery
OnCreate = FormCreate
OnDestroy = FormDestroy
PixelsPerInch = 96
TextHeight = 13
object Button1: TButton
Left = 296
Top = 264
Width = 75
Height = 25
Caption = 'Button1'
TabOrder = 0
OnClick = Button1Click
end
object Timer1: TTimer
OnTimer = Timer1Timer
Left = 120
Top = 192
end
end