Oracle诊断案例3-Spfile案例

　　情况说明:
　　系统：SUN Solaris8
　　数据库版本:9203
　　问题描述：工程人员报告，数据库在重新启动时无法正常启动.检查发现UNDO表空间丢失.
　　问题诊断及解决过程如下:
　　　
　　1. 登陆系统检查alert.log文件
　　检查alert.log文件是通常是我们诊断数据库问题的第一步
　　
　　SunOS 5.8
　　
　　login: root
　　PassWord:
　　Last login: Thu Apr 1 11:39:16 from 10.123.7.162
　　Sun Microsystems Inc. SunOS 5.8 Generic Patch October 2001
　　You have new mail.
　　# su - Oracle
　　bash-2.03$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/*/bdump
　　bash-2.03$ vi *.log
　　
　　"alert_gzhs.log" 7438 lines, 283262 characters
　　Sat Feb 7 20:30:06 2004
　　Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
　　LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
　　LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
　　SCN scheme 3
　　Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
　　LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
　　SYS auditing is disabled
　　Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.3.0.
　　System parameters with non-default values:
　　processes = 150
　　timed_statistics = TRUE
　　shared_pool_size = 1157627904
　　large_pool_size = 16777216
　　Java_pool_size = 637534208
　　control_files = /u01/oradata/gzhs/control01.ctl,
　　/u02/oradata/gzhs/control02.ctl,
　　/u03/oradata/gzhs/control03.ctl
　　db_block_size = 8192
　　db_cache_size = 2516582400
　　compatible = 9.2.0.0.0
　　log_archive_start = TRUE
　　log_archive_dest_1 = LOCATION=/u06/oradata/gzhs/arch
　　log_archive_format = %t_%s.dbf
　　db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16
　　fast_start_mttr_target = 300
　　undo_management = AUTO
　　undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1
　　undo_retention = 10800
　　remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
　　db_domain =
　　instance_name = gzhs
　　dispatchers = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=gzhsXDB)
　　job_queue_processes = 10
　　hash_join_enabled = TRUE
　　background_dump_dest = /oracle/admin/gzhs/bdump
　　user_dump_dest = /oracle/admin/gzhs/udump
　　core_dump_dest = /oracle/admin/gzhs/cdump
　　sort_area_size = 524288
　　db_name = gzhs
　　open_cursors = 300
　　star_transformation_enabled= FALSE
　　query_rewrite_enabled = FALSE
　　pga_aggregate_target = 838860800
　　aq_tm_processes = 1
　　PMON started with pid=2
　　DBW0 started with pid=3
　　LGWR started with pid=4
　　CKPT started with pid=5
　　SMON started with pid=6
　　"alert_gzhs.log" 7438 lines, 283262 characters
　　USER: terminating instance due to error 30012
　　Instance terminated by USER, pid = 26433
　　ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:08 2004
　　Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
　　LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
　　LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
　　SCN scheme 3
　　Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
　　LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
　　SYS auditing is disabled
　　Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.3.0.
　　System parameters with non-default values:
　　processes = 150
　　timed_statistics = TRUE
　　shared_pool_size = 1157627904
　　large_pool_size = 16777216
　　java_pool_size = 637534208
　　control_files = /u01/oradata/gzhs/control01.ctl, /u02/oradata/gzhs/control02.ctl, /u03/oradata/gzhs/control03.ctl
　　db_block_size = 8192
　　db_cache_size = 2516582400
　　compatible = 9.2.0.0.0
　　log_archive_start = TRUE
　　log_archive_dest_1 = LOCATION=/u06/oradata/gzhs/arch
　　log_archive_format = %t_%s.dbf
　　db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16
　　fast_start_mttr_target = 300
　　undo_management = AUTO
　　undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1
　　undo_retention = 10800
　　remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
　　db_domain =
　　instance_name = gzhs
　　dispatchers = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=gzhsXDB)
　　job_queue_processes = 10
　　hash_join_enabled = TRUE
　　background_dump_dest = /oracle/admin/gzhs/bdump
　　user_dump_dest = /oracle/admin/gzhs/udump
　　core_dump_dest = /oracle/admin/gzhs/cdump
　　sort_area_size = 524288
　　db_name = gzhs
　　open_cursors = 300
　　star_transformation_enabled= FALSE
　　query_rewrite_enabled = FALSE
　　pga_aggregate_target = 838860800
　　aq_tm_processes = 1
　　PMON started with pid=2
　　DBW0 started with pid=3
　　LGWR started with pid=4
　　CKPT started with pid=5
　　SMON started with pid=6
　　RECO started with pid=7
　　CJQ0 started with pid=8
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:13 2004
　　starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
　　QMN0 started with pid=9
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:13 2004
　　starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
　　ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
　　ARC0 started with pid=12
　　ARC0: Archival started
　　ARC1 started with pid=13
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:13 2004
　　ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:13 2004
　　ARC0: Thread not mounted
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:13 2004
　　ARC1: Archival started
　　ARC1: Thread not mounted
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:14 2004
　　ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:18 2004
　　SUCcessful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 1088380178.
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:18 2004
　　Database mounted in Exclusive Mode.
　　Completed: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:27 2004
　　alter database open
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:27 2004
　　Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:27 2004
　　Started first pass scan
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　Completed first pass scan
　　1 redo blocks read, 0 data blocks need recovery
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　Started recovery at
　　Thread 1: logseq 177, block 2, scn 0.33104793
　　Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 177 Reading mem 0
　　Mem# 0 errs 0: /u01/oradata/gzhs/redo03.log
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　Completed redo application
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　Ended recovery at
　　Thread 1: logseq 177, block 3, scn 0.33124794
　　0 data blocks read, 0 data blocks written, 1 redo blocks read
　　Crash recovery completed successfully
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　LGWR: Primary database is in CLUSTER CONSISTENT mode
　　Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 178
　　Thread 1 opened at log sequence 178
　　Current log# 1 seq# 178 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/gzhs/redo01.log
　　Successful open of redo thread 1.
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　ARC0: Evaluating archive log 3 thread 1 sequence 177
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　ARC0: Beginning to archive log 3 thread 1 sequence 177
　　Creating archive destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1: '/u06/oradata/gzhs/arch/1_177.dbf'
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　SMON: enabling cache recovery
　　ARC0: Completed archiving log 3 thread 1 sequence 177
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　Errors in file /oracle/admin/gzhs/udump/gzhs_ora_27781.trc:
　　ORA-30012: \263\267\317\373\261\355\277\325\274\344 'UNDOTBS1' \262\273\264\346\324\332\273\362\300\340\320\315\262\273\325\375\310267
　　Thu Apr 1 11:11:28 2004
　　Error 30012 happened during db open, shutting down database
　　USER: terminating instance due to error 30012
　　Instance terminated by USER, pid = 27781
　　ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...
　　:q
　　
　　在警报日志末尾显示了数据库在Open状态因为错误而异常终止.
　　　
　　2. 尝试重新启动数据库
　　bash-2.03$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
　　
　　SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production on 星期四 4月 1 11:43:52 2004
　　
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
　　
　　已连接到空闲例程。

　　
　　SQL> startup
　　ORACLE 例程已经启动。
　　
　　Total System Global Area 4364148184 bytes
　　Fixed Size 736728 bytes
　　Variable Size 1845493760 bytes